This large tree is near the center of the Bishop's Common on the north side of the sidewalk that crosses the Common diagonally. This is only the third largest hackberry in the arboretum overall, but it is noteworthy in that it has an impressive crown spread of 28 m (91 ft.). Its spread was probably once much larger before it lost one of its major branches.
Hackberry
leaves have somewhat uneven leaf bases, a characteristic they share with other members of the elm family. Unlike elms, they have single teeth or no teeth at all. As their name suggests, hackberry
fruits are fleshy berries, in contrast to the
dry, winged seeds of elms. Perhaps the most noticeable characteristic of hackberries is their
bark. Overall, they tend to have smooth bark, similar to
beech bark. However,
hackberry bark nearly always few to many corky lumps scattered throughout the smooth bark, which is rarely the case with beech.
It is not always possible to assign hackberries to a particular species because they hybridize and can have intermediate characteristics. However, this tree has characteristics typical of Northern hackberry (
Celtis occidentalis). Northern hackberry
leaves are broader and more toothed than the
leaves of southern hackberry (
Celtis laevigata). The fruit of northern hackberry is dark red or blackish when mature, in contrast to the more orange-red
fruit of southern hackberry. Northern hackberry also has the smooth
bark with lumps similar to that of southern hackberry.
It is more typical around Nashville to find hackberries displaying the
C. laevigata characteristics because we are near the southern edge of
C. occidentalis. But as this tree illustrates,
C. occidentalis types can be found in this area.